Are you really into seafood?
If so, lobster is a truly luxurious seafood that people worldwide enjoy because of its succulent meat and sweet flavor.
However, you should know the different types of lobsters commonly available.
There are many types of lobsters worldwide, but we will discuss some of the most popular varieties that are well-known and frequently featured in barbecues and restaurants.
This article will cover all the necessary information you need to know before enjoying eating different species of Lobster.
- Lobsters are a premium seafood item, often considered a luxury dish.
- Their hard shells make them relatively easy to preserve and transport, helping in their widespread popularity.
According to the Marine Education Society of Australasia (MESA)
- Around 75% of lobsters inhabit the world’s oceans.
- 30% of species have large claws and tend to live in colder waters, also called clawed lobsters.
- 40% of lobsters without claws. These species are spiny lobsters, also known as rock lobsters.
- These species show variations in physical characteristics, including size, colour, and texture.
- There are also subtle taste and flavor differences among lobster species.
Now, let’s look at the beautiful diversity of different lobster species around the globe.
Warm Water Lobsters: A Dive into the Unique Types of Lobsters
- Warm water lobsters are clawless lobsters. The front legs are like antennae.
They are also known as rock lobsters or spiny lobsters. They’re found along the California coastline and in the Caribbean.
2. Their peak season is winter, and they’re usually less expensive.
3. They’re fished in the Caribbean and off the coast of Florida.
4 . About 5% of warm-water lobsters are not good to eat, unlike cold-water lobsters.
In my personal experience, I’ve enjoyed barbecuing fresh, warm-water lobster tails right after they were caught.
The flavour and texture were better than cold-water lobsters because they came from Florida waters.
If I share, my experience happened here in Florida. I found good flavor and taste in the finest lobsters with big claws, and we steamed them with lemon and butter.
The tastiest part was the tomalley and claw meat.
That’s true that warm-water lobster meat is sweet and less delicious than cold-water Lobster. Some may have different perspectives.
Hard-shell lobsters and soft-shell lobsters( Difference )
Here, I want to clear up one misconception about hard and soft shell lobsters.
They are not different species but the same Lobster (Homarus americanus) to varying stages of their moulting cycle.
- American lobsters, including hardshell ones, live in cold waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean, ranging from Labrador, Canada, to New Jersey, USA.
- Their size is determined by genetics and food availability rather than water temperature. Some grow up to 64 cm (25 inches) in body length.
- American lobsters can be caught year-round, with slight variations in fishing seasons based on location to protect breeding populations.
- HardshellHardshell lobsters have a higher meat content, around 20%, than soft-shell lobsters.
This makes hardshell lobsters easier to transport; hence, they are more commonly found in restaurants and supermarkets.
>During my time with a research team in Florida, we enjoyed some delicious hardshell lobsters grilled to perfection.
The firm texture and sweet flavor made for an unforgettable culinary experience for us.
Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus argus): A Gem Among Types of Lobsters
Scientific name: Panulirus argus
- Other names: Crawfish (note: different species), Rock lobster, Bug, Langosta espinosa
- Reddish-brown shell with dark spots. It lacks large claws but has spines.
- Sweet and flavorful meat, though perhaps slightly less so than cold-water lobsters. Texture can vary depending on the cooking method, but it is not inherently tough.
Bonus point:
- It is less expensive and enjoyed in various dishes. The tail is used for eating, but the shells can be used for flavorful stock.
- Frozen spiny lobster tails are a great option.
- Flavor profile: Similar to crawfish, but with a distinct sweetness.
- Shallow waters (up to 295 feet) in the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico.
- Their range extends beyond Florida, Texas, Bermuda, and South Carolina. They inhabit tropical and subtropical waters throughout the Caribbean and South America (including Brazil).
Saltwater Absorption
- All shellfish absorb salt water. Spiny lobsters are no exception, but their flavor is naturally sweet and slightly “fishy.”
Other points
- There may be some variation in Florida, but spiny lobsters still need to be cooked alive in my home or neighbourhood.
Fishing Regulations
It is imperative to mention here that different countries have rules and regulations regarding fishing. So, always check local regulations for licensing requirements.
South African Lobsters: The Best of the Lobster Species List
Scientific Name
Type: Spiny Lobster
Other Names: Kreef
Depth: 450 to 650 feet
Unique Characteristics
Cold-Water Adaptation
Unlike most spiny lobsters, which prefer warm water, South African lobsters thrive in cold, deep waters.
Muscular Tails
Due to their cold-water habitat, South African lobsters have firm, muscular tails with a different texture than warm-water lobsters.
Availability
Primarily frozen
In the USA, South African lobsters are mainly available frozen due to the distance they need to travel.
Limited fishing
The South African government regulates fishing to prevent overfishing.
Freshness
Flash-frozen
South African lobsters are often flash-frozen at sea after being caught to maintain freshness.
Bonus Tip
Frozen Lobster for Rolls
Frozen lobster tails are a good option for lobster rolls as the texture holds up well.
Nutritional Value
High Protein
South African Lobster is a good source of protein (around 28g per cup).
Vitamins And Minerals
It’s also rich in vitamin B12, selenium, zinc, copper, and omega-3 fatty acids.
Low In Fat And Calories
Lobster is a relatively low-fat and low-calorie protein source.
Seasonality
Note: There isn’t a confirmed specific season for South African Lobster.
Since it’s a deep-water fishery, it’s likely available year-round, although some retailers may have fluctuations in availability.
3. Australian Lobsters
There are several types of lobsters in Australia.
Two main ones:
Western Rock Lobster (Panulirus cygnus)
It is found on the west coast of Australia.
Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii)
It is found on the south coast, including Tasmania. These lobsters use their mouths for biting too.
Rock lobsters are also called crayfish colloquially in Australia.
Lifespan
The lifespan of rock lobsters varies by species, but it’s generally much longer than 20 years.
We were on an awesome Australian food adventure during our last oceanography research trip after completing our project.
We traveled to Tasmania, an island state located 240 km south of the Australian mainland.
There, we went on a licensed fishing trip (it is important to follow regulations) and caught three types of lobsters:
Western rock lobsters (Jasus fucipinnis), painted crayfish (Jasus verreauxi)
and a third lobster species named giant ornate crayfish (Panulirus longimanus).
However, We released one pregnant female Lobster back into the water to preserve the lobster population.
We caught a sizable Jasus lobster weighing about 15 kg.
It was a very good and amazing experience.
How did we cook that caught Lobster? Also, Tips You Can
Follow
Firstly, avoid overcooking Lobster.
Some Tips
1. Boil or steam the Lobster briefly until the flesh is opaque and cooked through.
The exact cooking time depends on the size of the Lobster (you pick)
Marinades can add flavour, but be careful not to over-marinate, as it can affect the texture.
Our Delicious Sauce
After cooking, we enjoyed the Lobster with a sauce made with fruit, lime, cream, shallots, butter, and mustard. It was truly succulent and delicious!
Reef Lobsters
Habitat
Reef lobsters live in coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean, and warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean.
Depth
They are found from shallow reefs at depths of less than 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) to deeper rocky reefs down to 300 meters (980 ft).
Appearance
Reef lobsters are brightly coloured with stripes, rings, or spots. They are typically red, orange, purplish, and white.
Size
They are small lobsters, typically growing to 10-13 centimetres (4-5 inches) in size.
Behavior
Reef lobsters are nocturnal, meaning they are active at night.
They spend the day hiding in caves, crevices, or under rocks.
Temperament
shy creatures.
Conservation Status
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the conservation status of reef lobsters as data deficient, meaning more information is needed to assess their risk of extinction.
California Lobsters
Habitat
Warm water. It lives in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, from Monterey Bay, California, to the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico, including the Baja California Peninsula and San Luis Obispo Bay, California.
Also Read: 10 Kinds Of Starfish You Can Find In California Waters( A Fascinating Look)
Body
The Clawless Lobster has a reddish-brown shell with stripes on its legs and a pair of enlarged antennae.
It grows to an average of 30 cm (12 inches) in length.
Diet
It feeds on shellfish like sea urchins, clams, and mussels.
Reproduction
Females carry around 680,000 eggs, which hatch after 10 weeks.
Migration
Adults migrate to deeper waters in the fall and winter.
Flavour and Cooking
The meat is known for its creamy and nutty flavour.
Due to its popularity, it is one of the best types of Lobster to eat in the world, but the price can be high.
There are regulations for recreational fishing of California spiny lobster, so be sure to check the California Department of Fish and Wildlife for details before heading out.
Accessibility
California spiny lobster is not the only type of Lobster available in the US.
Maine lobster, for example, is also popular and commercially fished on the East Coast and one of the best tasting Lobsters in all types of lobsters.
Taste
Flavor preferences are subjective.
While some may prefer the sweeter and more delicate taste of the California spiny lobster, others may enjoy the firmer texture and richer flavour of the Florida spiny lobster.
In my hometown in Florida, I have experienced both; they have tasty and yummy tastes.
Pacific Lobsters
Species
Include the California spiny lobster (red rock lobster) and green spiny Lobster.
Habitat
Live in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from California down to Peru and the Galapagos Islands.
Culinary Uses
Delicious seafood is often sold live in some regions.
California Spiny Lobster
Distinguishing Feature
Spiny lobsters without claws, unlike Maine lobsters.
Availability
Primarily fished in Mexico for the Asian market, but also enjoyed locally.
Taste
Slightly different flavour and texture from Maine lobster, which is juicy and flavorful.
Clarifications
Spiny vs. Clawed Lobsters
Pacific lobsters belong to the spiny lobster family (Palinuridae) and, like the Maine lobster, lack the large claws of true lobsters (Nephropidae).
Crayfish vs. Lobsters
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans related to lobsters, but they are smaller and have different biological features.
Mediterranean Lobster
Scientific Name
Palinurus elephas
Claws
Mediterranean lobsters have two large claws, or chelipeds, for grasping and crushing prey.
Habitat
Rocky seabeds in the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Norway to South Africa. They prefer depths between 20 and 70 meters (66 to 230 ft).
Distribution
Not uncommon, but populations are vulnerable due to overfishing.
Conservation Status: Vulnerable (IUCN 2013).
Size
Mediterranean lobsters can grow up to 60 cm (24 inches) in total length and weigh up to 5 kg (11 lbs).
Overfishing is a major threat to Mediterranean lobster populations.
Regulations have been introduced in some countries to help manage populations.
Cooking
While boiling is a common way to cook Lobster, it’s important to steam it first to preserve the delicate flavour.
If you ask what type of Lobster is best, Mediterranean lobsters are best due to their sweet and succulent meat—Grill well with olive oil, butter, and lemon juice.
Cold-Water Lobsters? Top Among Best Types of Lobsters
Cold-water lobsters live in the chilly North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
It includes the eastern coasts of the United States and Canada (from Maine down to the Carolinas) and Europe’s western coast.
Physical Characteristics
Claws
These lobsters hold claws,used for grabbing food and defense.
Shell
Their shell is typically dark brown or greenish-brown and can vary in shade depending on the species.
Body Size
Cold-water lobsters can grow quite large, with some species reaching up to 40 pounds.
Meat
This is where cold-water lobsters truly shine.
Texture
Their meat has a firmer texture than warm-water lobsters due to the colder environment.
Flavour
The colder water also contributes to a sweeter taste, with less “fishy” flavour.
Edible Parts
Both the claws and tails contain delicious, succulent meat.
While the tail is often considered the “best part,” claw meat is also a delicacy.
Salt Absorption
Do you know? Cold water temperatures prevent them from absorbing excessive salt from the seawater, further enhancing the sweet flavour of their meat.
Candian Lobsters
They are also called American Lobsters, and their scientific name Homarus americanus.
King of Seafood
Canada’s Atlantic lobster fishery produces over half the world’s supply; you can see pictures of different types of Lobsters found in Canada.
Habitat
Cold waters of the Canadian Atlantic Ocean
HardshellHardshell
Prefer depths from 13 to 164 feet (though they can range to 1,500 feet).
Description
Tender, sweet meat with large claws and red shells۔
Availability
Fishing seasons vary by region but are generally available year-round.
Health Benefits
- Low in fat and carbohydrates
- High in protein
- Low in calories and cholesterol
- Rich in omega-3 fatty acids
- Vitamins and minerals, including vitamin B12
Cooking
They are traditionally boiled or steamed.
Note: In some areas, animal welfare concerns make boiling lobsters alive illegal.
Sustainability
Canada’s Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) regulates lobster fishing to ensure its sustainability.
Licensed fishers catch American lobsters in Canada.
Lobster is one of Canada’s most valuable seafood exports, exceeding CAD 2 billion in 2016.
Size
Typically weigh less than 4 pounds, with some rare exceptions reaching up to 20 pounds.
Commercial Landings
In 2022, according to NOAA Fisheries commercial fishing landings data, the total landings of American lobsters in the US were 119 million pounds, valued at $515 million.
Maine Lobsters: Sweet Types of Lobsters from the Cold Depths
Habitat
Maine lobster is one of the best-tasting lobsters.
It inhabits the cold waters of the North Atlantic Ocean, along the rocky seafloor from Newfoundland, Canada, to North Carolina, U.S.
They like temperatures between 45-64°F and are commonly found at depths ranging from 20 to 200 feet, but they can be found as deep as 2,000 feet.
Body
Maine lobsters have a hard exoskeleton that protects their body, which is shed periodically throughout their lives to allow for growth, known as lobster molting.
Meat
Maine lobsters have a good amount of meat compared to other lobster species. Their.
Their sweet and tender flavor is highly prized and considered one of the best-tasting Lobsters in the world.
Maine lobsters are of good quality because the claws contain the most meat, with the crusher claw having more than the smaller pincer claw.
The tail meat is also delicious and is often used in lobster rolls.
Industry and Sustainability
History & Importance
The Maine lobster fishery has a rich history dating back to the 17th century.
It is one of the best types of lobsters found in the ocean.
It’s a vital part of Maine’s cultural heritage and economic engine, contributing to the state’s economy with annual revenues of over 500 million dollars.
The industry comprises small-scale, family-owned businesses, with over 6,000 licensed lobstermen in Maine alone.
Harvest
The peak season for harvesting live lobsters is during the summer months (June-August), but lobsters are caught year-round.
Landings can vary but typically reach over 100 million pounds annually.
In 2020, Maine lobstermen caught 96 million pounds of lobsters, generating over 500 million dollars in revenue.
Why They’re Loved?
Flavour
Maine types of lobsters are known for their sweet and tender meat, making them a favorite among seafood lovers.
Their flavor is influenced by their diet, which consists of crustaceans, mollusks, and fish.
Preparation
The ease of preparation adds to their appeal. Boiling, steaming, grilling, and baking are all popular options.
Lobsters can be served with butter, lemon, or various sauces, and their meat can be used in multiple dishes, such as lobster rolls, lobster bisque, and lobster mac and cheese.
Nutrition
Maine lobsters are a low-fat, low-calorie protein source rich in essential nutrients like Vitamin B12, zinc, copper, and selenium.
They are also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, which have numerous health benefits.
Maine is the largest lobster-producing state in the United States, producing around 90% of the country’s lobsters.
References
2. Maine Lobster Marketing Collaborative. (n.d.). Maine lobster facts.
1. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). American Lobster.
3. Maine Department of Marine Resources. (2021). Maine lobster landings and value.
New Zealand Rock Lobster
Scientific Name: Jasus edwardsii
Māori Name: Kōura
Size
Weighed between 1 and 10 pounds (0.45 – 4.5 kg)
Anatomy
Like other lobsters, most meat is in the tail.
Habitat
- New Zealand waters boast four types of lobsters species of spiny lobsters, with the red rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) being the most common.
- They are found throughout New Zealand, in the Tasman Sea, and around southern Australia.
- Their range extends to the Auckland Islands in the south and the Chatham Islands in the east, inhabiting depths up to 300 meters.
Flavor
Red rock lobsters are prized for their sweet and succulent meat.
Are you looking to buy?
If you’re in Auckland and seeking fresh rock lobster, Takitimu Seafoods in Hawke’s Bay can ship nationwide.
Langoustines: The Sweet Treat of European Waters with Culinary Experience
Species: Although Langoustines (Nephrops norvegicus) are not types of lobsters or prawns, they share some similarities. They are a separate species in the Nephropidae family, closely related to crayfish.
Habitat
- They are found in the cold waters of the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and parts of the Mediterranean Sea, particularly off the coasts of Norway, Scotland, and England. They prefer rocky seafloors.
Description
- Langoustines are smaller than true types of lobsters, typically reaching a maximum length of 10 inches (25 cm). They have a light orange-pink exoskeleton (not a true shell) that doesn’t change color when cooked. They also have lively black eyes and long antennae, they use their pee for communication to each other.
Season and Availability
- Season: The peak season for langoustines is from September to May.
- Availability: Fresh langoustines are more common in Europe, while frozen varieties are more readily available in the United States.
Taste and Popularity
- Flavor: Langoustines are prized for their firm texture and sweet, delicate taste, making them a popular choice in European cuisine.
Interesting Fact
- Eyes as a Quality Indicator: Fresh langoustines should have clear, black eyes free of white spots. This indicates a healthy animal.
Langoustines vs. Langostino
Langoustine
- As described above, a specific crustacean (Nephrops norvegicus) from the Nephropidae family.
- Langostino:
- This term can be confusing as it can refer to various crustaceans depending on the region. In the United States, it often relates to squat lobsters from the family Galatheidae, which are not true types of lobsters or prawns either.
Price and Preparation
- Price: Langoustines can be more expensive than other seafood options due to their smaller size and limited availability in certain regions.
- Preparation:
- Langoustines are versatile and can be enjoyed roasted, grilled, steamed, or boiled. They pair well with garlic, butter, herbs, and various sauces.
Langoustine Culinary Experience
Hans Marshall told me that he had a fantastic time in Reykjavik. Roasted langoustine with garlic butter sauce prepared on a wood fire. This was a classic European way to enjoy their sweetness and can’t forget yet. yakitori preparation with carrot, ginger, and coconut was a unique twist on langoustine cooking.
Tristan Lobsters (Jasus paulensis): A Delicacy from Remote Waters
Habitat
Tristan lobsters are cold-water spiny types of lobsters found in the deep waters surrounding the remote islands of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean.
Species: While previously classified as Jasus tristani, recent genetic studies indicate they are the same species as the St. Paul rock lobster (Jasus paulensis) found near the Indian Ocean islands of Saint Paul and Amsterdam.
Flavor and Popularity
Taste
Tristan lobsters are renowned for their sweet and succulent flavour, attributed to their diet of seaweed and kelp.
This and their firm texture make them a favourite among seafood lovers.
Price: Due to their remote location and sustainable fishing practices, Tristan lobsters are considered a premium delicacy and typically more expensive than other lobster varieties.
Sustainability and Economy
Sustainable Fishery
The Tristan da Cunha lobster fishery is managed responsibly to ensure healthy populations for future generations. This responsible management is an ethical point to consider.
Economic Importance
The lobster fishery plays a vital role in the economy of Tristan da Cunha, providing jobs and income for a significant portion of the island’s population.
My Culinary Experience
Our family is really into seafood. During our trip to Michigan, at a good restaurant, we ordered the Tristan lobsters.
They were steamed perfectly, with delicious meat.
The flavour was similar to Maine lobsters.
I have experienced various varieties of lobsters, but this one was perfect, albeit expensive.
Bonus Tips
Cooking
Grilling or steaming is preferred over boiling for the best flavour.
Overcooking can diminish the Lobster’s delicate taste.
Serving
A simple butter sauce can perfectly complement the Lobster’s natural sweetness.
Storage
Fresh Tristan lobsters can be refrigerated for up to 24 hours.
However, it’s best to cook them as soon as possible for optimal quality and safety to avoid bacterial growth.
What Types of Lobsters Are the Best?
It depends on personal experience. For me, Maine lobsters of cold water and the American lobster homarus Americanos are the best.
But if we talk single, then Maine lobster is on top among delicious types of lobsters because of its sweet and succulent meat flavor.
What Athe Most Expensive Types of Lobsters?
Maine lobsters are the most expensive varities of lobsters because seafood lovers worldwide like their delicious flavour, which causes high demand.
Fresh Maine lobsters are a culturally luxurious treat.
Also Read:
Can Starfish Swim? 5 Must-Know Amazing Facts (Biologically Explained)
Decomposers Of The Ocean? 06 Important Types Scientifically Explained
FAQs
Does Lobster Have Claws?
Yes, most lobsters do have claws. These are big pincers, also called chelipeds. Lobsters use their claws to grab food , fight, and even communicate. However, the spiny Lobster doesn’t have claws.
How Many Species of Lobster Are There in the World?
There are roughly 75 species of Lobster swimming around our oceans.
Do all Lobsters have Claws?
Nope! There are two main groups: clawed lobsters (around 30 species) with big pincers and spiny lobsters (about 45 species) without claws.
What Are Lobster Claws Called?
Those powerful pincers are called chelipeds.
How Many types of Lobsters Are in Florida, and Do They have Claws?
Florida’s warm waters are home to several clawed lobster species, including the spiny Lobster (with smaller claws) and the slipper lobster (known for its flattened claws).
How Many Types of Lobsters in Caribbean Waters?
The Caribbean boasts a delicious variety! Expect to find spiny lobsters like the Caribbean spiny Lobster and the green Lobster, alongside clawed varieties like the slipper lobster.
How Many Types of Lobsters in Maine and Hawaii?
Maine is famous for its cold-water-clawed Lobster, the American Lobster.
However, Hawaii has a tropical twist with spiny lobsters like the Hawaiian slipper lobster and the sculptured slipper lobster.
Conclusion
In short, there are different types of lobsters worldwide, each with its own unique taste and texture. Cold-water lobsters taste sweet, while warm-water ones have a different flavor. Whether you prefer lobsters with big claws or those without any, trying out these different types can make eating seafood fun and tasty. It’s important to follow fishing rules to help protect these fascinating creatures.
